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What is the difference between the DC motor and the AC motor of an electric forklift?

In recent years, with the continuous rise of labor costs and the improvement of operational efficiency requirements, more and more factories will use electric forklifts to replace the original manual forklifts. The power system of electric forklifts will use drive motors, and the drive motors of electric forklifts There are usually DC motors and AC motors, so what is the difference between them?

The DC motor of the electric forklift uses direct current as the power source, while the AC motor of the forklift uses the alternating current as the power source. Structurally, the principle of the forklift electric DC motor is relatively simple, but the structure is more complex, which is not conducive to the later maintenance of the electric forklift motor. Although the principle of the AC motor of the forklift is more complicated, the structure is relatively simple, so it is easier to maintain than the DC motor.

The DC motor of the electric forklift introduces the current into the rotor armature through the brushes and the commutator, so that the rotor is rotated by the force in the stator magnetic field. The structure of the DC motor of the electric forklift should be composed of two parts: the stator and the rotor. The stationary part of the DC motor of the electric forklift is called the stator. The main function of the stator is to generate a magnetic field, which consists of a frame, a main magnetic pole, a commutation pole, an end cover, a bearing and a brush device. The part that rotates when the motor of the electric forklift is running is called the rotor. Its main function is to generate electromagnetic torque and induced electromotive force. It is the hub for the energy conversion of the DC motor, so it is usually called the armature. It is composed of pivot winding, commutator and fan.

The AC motor of the electric forklift is to pass the alternating current into the stator winding, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field in the air gap of the stator and the rotor, and the rotating magnetic field generates an induced current in the rotor winding, so that the rotor is forced to rotate in the stator magnetic field. AC motor: It is a machine used to realize the mutual conversion of mechanical energy and AC electrical energy. Due to the huge development of AC power systems, AC motors have become the most commonly used motors for electric forklifts. Compared with the DC motor, the AC motor has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is relatively firm because there is no commutator. It is easy to make a motor with high speed, high voltage, high current and large capacity.

In practical applications, their specific differences are as follows:

Speed regulation: DC motor speed regulation is simple, but the application is limited. AC motor speed regulation is relatively complex, but it is widely used due to the use of AC power.

Noise: Because the DC motor of the electric forklift has brushes and commutators, the noise of the electric forklift is slightly louder when it is working.

Use and maintenance: The brushes and commutators of the DC motor of the electric forklift are relatively worn, so they need to be replaced frequently; the AC motor has no brushes and commutators, so maintenance is relatively convenient. In the long run, the maintenance cost of electric forklifts is also lower for AC motors, so AC motors are more and more used by electric forklifts.